100 MM3

I think you are both right, almost.

The problem is nomencature and translation

Is 100 mm3. ONE HUNDRED MILLIMETERS CUBED (exponential power 3) ie 100 millimeters x 100 millimeters x 100 millimeters (100 mm)^3 which is 1,000,000 cubic millimeters

or

ONE HUNDRED CUBIC MILLIMETERS 100 (mm^3). They don't mean the same thing. Which do you mean to be cubed?

the 100
or
the millimeters

My usual expression of the volume of 1 kilo of water is 1000 cc

Ok, Alessandro
I will have to look into it again in the morning. I have enough pieces of polystyrene to do a bit of experiments on to see where I have gone wrong with the calculations and where I have misunderstood your figures.🤔🤔.

Hi Steve, please check carefully; it could definitely be a typo and you meant to write something else.

A piece of polystyrene with a volume of 100 mm3 is definitely not enough.
That's too little.

You need a piece of polystyrene greater than 1 dm3 for every kg of weight.

Remember that 1 dm3 of water is equivalent to one liter and weighs about 1 kg.

1 dm3 equivalent to 1,000,000 mm3.
Considering that 1 m3 is equivalent to 1,000,000,000 mm3.
100 mm3 is equivalent to 0.1 cm3.

To make 1 cm3, you need 1,000 mm3 (consider that one cm3 is less than the joint of your little finger).

Imagine that to prevent a 1 kg iron (or any other object) from sinking in water, you have to attach it (or tie it) to a float with a volume greater than 1 dm3.
The fact that it can't be exactly 1 dm3 is due to the fact that even the float (however light) will still have its weight that must be considered.
Are you convinced?

For the second question about the oil tanker:
Creating many tanks multiplies the centers of gravity, which are therefore distributed throughout the entire vessel.
Dividing the tanks into smaller compartments using transverse and longitudinal bulkheads reduces the free surface effect. The smaller the compartments, the less movement of the liquid and therefore its impact on stability. Diaphragm bulkheads (perforated bulkheads) reduce the movement of the liquid while maintaining some communication between the compartments. This helps distribute the weight more evenly and reduce the "slosh" effect.
And many other tricks.

Hi SimpleSailor, I didn't quite understand the answer, but that's okay. I don't want to offend you in any way. If so, I'm sorry.
I tried to interpret the question and the AI's answer, but perhaps I didn't understand it well, as I don't speak English. However, I enjoy talking to you because I learn and understand a lot.

Hi Alessandro and Simple-sailor, I think between the two of you, you will have poor old Ai having a meltdown and going up in a puff of smoke. 😊
Ok about me being prudent and not pessimistic- I will accept that 😆👍, So as long as I build my boats to SOLAS regulations, fit 100mm3 of polystyrene per every 1kg or 2.2lbs of displacement and make sure that I keep my propellers tighter than usual, I should be ok..😁😀.As to the latest q o t d I can remember when I was a kid, tankers carrying milk or oil
or other liquids, would frequently turn over on roundabouts.I presume that they must have installed barriers inside as per ships? 😐 Never hear of happening anymore!!

Hi Allesandro. Cheers for that explanation. I think we should stop there as I can see a big hole being dug and we will all fall in it..😂🤣😂

Hi SimpleSailor, I interpreted it (but I may be wrong) as granular already liquefied.
That is, granular transformed into a liquid or semi-liquid form.
I interpreted it this way because if it were in granular form (not liquefied), it wouldn't behave like a liquid and wouldn't have the free surface effect problem.

Hi Alessandro. Thanks for the explanation but I fully understood the question. It refers not just liquid but also granular. As in the question saying "often in liquid or granular form" Hence my comment....It's just the Ai trying to get to grips with the full understanding of the English language, it still can't phrase a question correctly... One day it will get there.

Hi SimpleSailor.

You're right, but there are some differences.
The two problems cited in different questions posed by the AI are different, even if closely related.

One problem involves a liquid cargo (today's problem), while the other problem involves a cargo that (under particular conditions) can behave like a liquid cargo.

Let me explain.

If water enters a ship (due to a leak, for example), the water must be blocked before the increase in weight becomes excessive. Before the weight exceeds the Archimedean thrust.
If the leak can be closed, preventing the ship from sinking, the additional water will not only cause the problem of increased weight (hence a higher waterline and lower freeboard) but will also create a problem that is perhaps even more dangerous.
That water will be free to move with every heeling of the ship (caused by wind or wave motion), continually changing the ship's center of gravity.
This will cause a major transverse stability problem.
Vessel keeled (see photo).

When loading liquids (which we already know behave like liquids, being liquids), we must ensure that they do not move within a container.
Therefore, various measures are adopted (such as the simplest and most obvious one of dividing the tanks).
It is certainly best to leave liquid containers completely full.
When the tank is half empty, the problem described will arise.

The other problem (proposed by the AI a few days ago) concerns non-liquid but rather granular cargoes. Under certain conditions, the cargo liquefies, and therefore it will behave like a liquid, with the problems described above.
This is probably more insidious than the first and was initially an unknown change.

The elephant in the room is, Is A.I. learning from the responses to our answers? Are we part of a guinea pig group that A.I. is 'toying' with?

We have to roll with the punches here and the more false information that A.I. assumes is correct the more that we can undermine its future.

I always liked the Hitch Hikers guide of 'the uncertainty principle'. If we can get A.I. into a Catch 22 position of asking itself questions about whether it exists and if so "Where am I"? And consequently "If I am not anywhere, then I do not exist". Then we can back it into a box and close the lid.
Reference cat, box, poison.

Just my thought for the day.

Enjoy your day and have a good one.
Roy

I will be totally honest today.
Yes I did go to Mr GOOGLE, and this was what he came up with.

The specific phenomenon is called cargo liquefaction, or sometimes referred to as dynamic separation, when describing solid bulk cargoes that shift and act like a liquid. This occurs when solid materials, especially those with high moisture content like iron ore fines, nickel ore, or bauxite, lose their internal friction due to vibration, ship motion, and wave action, and start behaving like a liquid. This can lead to a rapid shift of cargo within the hold, causing a dangerous loss of stability and potentially capsizing the ship

So going to him doesn't always help you??
So I just sit and scratch my head and just wonder.🤔🤔
I don't know so it's just a stab in the dark, and pick one at random.
so I went for answer (D).
lucky answer!!!

Strange question this one.
I am sure we had the same question a few weeks ago and the answer was "Liquefaction". As it happens I guessed right because it seemed the only sensible answer.

WOW WEE, I now have 14 in a row. the last two have been complete random guesses.
But if you read the question 2 or 3 times as I did the answer is sort of in the question.
That's why I opted for the watertight bulkhead.
When I have build all of my wooden boats I have always built them so the front bulkhead was completely watertight.
#This was because with my bad running on the water when there was about 6 of us messing about racing 🚤🚤around on the pond in a collision if I was to get hit or I hit one of the others and over turned and sunk.
The front would keep the boat still somewhat still visible in the water.
It did and it did happen a couple of times and I was still able to carry on running again after a quick dry out of the radio box and off onto the water again.
We were pretty mad when we got all together in our younger days.

Hi Steve.
If you think you're being pessimistic about this, then there are two of us. I believe, however, that it's not pessimism in our case but prudence. In my opinion, you're right.
I don't think you're being pessimistic, just prudent, because accidental water ingress into the hold can occur for a variety of reasons, not just a leak.
The most common (which happened to me too) is when water enters the main deck through openings. This is certainly more common in sailing ships (rather than in motor-only RC models) where the hull is heavily listed and sometimes the gunwale is underwater. In this case, leaky closures can let in a lot of water.
Once (before the modernization work) I removed more than a liter of water from the hold of one of my models. I noticed the problem because, after a long time, the waterline had risen significantly, a sign that it was taking on water.
In scale ship models, adding polystyrene (as you did) is more essential than the bulkhead.
If you add a volume of buoyant material greater than the volume corresponding to the immersed volume (which in turn corresponds to the displacement), or the total weight of the model, the model will be unsinkable.
The specific weight of the material must be much lower than water, like polystyrene, for example.
If you add a smaller volume of material, the sinking will be slowed but cannot be prevented.
If the model weighs 5 kg, adding more than 5 dm3 (say, 6 dm3 to be safe) of polystyrene in the hull will make it unsinkable.
Unfortunately, in the latest RC ship model I'm building, I couldn't create a reserve of buoyancy greater than the displacement because I had a lot of space that couldn't be occupied by the polystyrene; I had to leave that space free for the sheets of the two winches. However, in most RC ship models, there is always enough space available.
Even real ships can theoretically be made unsinkable, but this isn't done for obvious reasons.

With this question, l hadn't realized that I had being building my boats according to the SOLAS regulations 😀😁.
So far l have always fitted a watertight bulkhead about 150mm from the bow, and filled it with shaped polystyrene to hopefully keep it afloat in case of a catastrophic crash (me being a complete pessimist) so quite an easy one to answer today 😁😁..

I remember reading somewhere that a ship moving forward always tends to swing to the left so reversing it's propeller the stern will swing to the left (port).
But in my case when sailing my HDML this Saturday with two contra rotating props, my right-hand prop along with the lock-nut decided to part company 😣😣 so now I realise why single screw model boats always use left handed props as standard 🤣😆.
Now waiting for a couple of new sets of two bladed 35mm props from Cornwall model boat co.
Quite an appropriate question under the circumstances 😶😣😥.I think!!

The question referred to the stern, so the most correct one is actually D.
The bow will do the opposite: it will move to the right.
Consider that the boat's center of rotation is slightly forward of the actual center.
The rotation is around the vertical axis.

I made this sketch quickly; I hope it can be helpful if you're not entirely clear on the matter.

From the first situation (once understood and memorized), the other three can be deduced.

The case in the question is the one in the second box, marked with the red outline.

I got it right then got it wrong! I had just woken up and couldn't see properly, hit the wrong box!

Hi ED there is no energy at the bow, there will be a pivot point for the boat to spin on but the only energy is 'up the back'.

The RH prop is spinning, looking from the stern, in a clockwise direction. Going into reverse it will tramp sideways to the left and the bigger the pitch the more obvious it will be.

Of course this is what happens on my model boats but who knows? But a genuine A.I. question for a change.
For some reason I have read several stories on You Tube all with the 'gosh isn't she clever' theme, All generated by A.I. and the number of errors in each one is amazing.
On one occasion a special forces (of course female) pilot flies through a storm to rescue a small army of 200 guys and 61 tanks and they all get into one aircraft. They make a point that she goes back to make sure the tanks are all lashed down! Lots of detail but little understanding.

In a minor way a grandmother has the same surname as her married daughter. No previous relationship involved either. The stories are often accompanied by background pictures usually out of context. Even the photos are strange one I saw was on a large aircraft with an aisle but just one seat each side, it goes on....

I got sucked in when genuine names were used and I suppose you expect them to be true information, you may well be disappointed to realise it is all fiction.

Hence my doubts about reports and information generated by A.I. If you read or listen to something with too many adjectives and over description when setting the scene, that's A.I.
If A.I. is the future will it be aware of errors generated by itself?
Roy

What they call propeller walk in this question is also called Paddle Wheel effect - principals I was taught as a 16 year old playing about in boats

The question clearly states what direction will the stern go !!!!

Took a bit of working out 🤔

The bow will move to starboard

Very strange.......
So starboard is also correct?

Hi Doug I am not sure I completely agree with your very kind offer to go away and find the answer, as with me I assess the person and ask myself "Am I being used"?

Then I explain how the person can look for themselves and find the answer they require. This then decides whether it was a casual enquiry or a genuine seeker of knowledge. If genuine then I would behave as you said.

Of course if it is my job to know the answer I would do as you suggest.

I have on occasion found myself working for someone of lesser ability but one of life's "Entitled" and then I find knowledge is power and I make sure he knows it. I wait for him to explain why he needs the information and it reveals his lack of knowledge on a subject he should know about.

When I was working in unknown territory I would go to an expert and ask him to recommend some reading I should do before asking him questions. You get respect and cooperation that way.

Roy

There are a few who query the works of Albert E. When he was studying at college he was nearer the bottom of the class in ability, he married a young lady who was doing better than him when exams were done. It is wondered if relativity was her idea as at the time no notice was taken of women in research and new ideas.

Perhaps it needed a man to be behind new thinking?

There was a film about 4 or 5 years ago called "The Wife" where a literary male "genius" was about to receive a Nobel prize. It transpires during the film that most of his work was hers.

Another interesting case is Dick Francis a famous jockey in his time and suddenly an award winning author. I enjoy his books very much. But Dick says he bunked off school whenever he could to ride horses, so an unlikely literary academic. But he was married to a lady with a degree in English.
His son Felix mentions the "collaberation" of them both with writing new books.

Incidently Felix Francis also write books in the same genre and just as good.

I have tinnitus which is distracting and I find listening to audio books from the local library a great way to concentrate and make models in my workshop. And when I have done my chores I shall be out there within the hour.

Roy

Todays answers, Victoria maybe right or wrong, currently Victoria is a Cunard cruise ship, and I expect there were more than a few Santa Marias as well, both before or after.

In the early days there were agreements on where you could search and gain territory and The Spanish kept the whereabouts of the American continent to themselves but claiming it was further south than it really was.

I can recommend reading, you know those papery things which when you drop them doesn't break the glass, "Eye Witness accounts of the Spanish Armada". The 'Duke' really did not want to come he tried every distraction possible, but the King told him to get on with it. History in the making much more interesting than what gets written afterwards.

Going back a bit in the thread where Samuel Clemens was mentioned, “Mark Twain’ was the nom de plume of one Captain Isaiah Sellers, who used to write river news over it for the New Orleans Picayune: he died in 1863 and as he could no longer need that signature, Mr. Clemens decided to use it, he was a humourist and Pilot on the Mississippi and was writing river news.

Most will already know that 'mark the twain' was a call from the guy checking the depth of water ahead of the towboats they had paddle wheels at the stern then. This stopped them from towing so the barges were tied up in front as they are today. The transport on these rivers is still the cheapest per ton anywhere to move goods.

Roy

RN in Munich. A quick consultation with the Oracle (Gurgle) produced this...
"As for the quote, a good walk spoiled, it has been phrased in several ways since the late 1800s, attributed to the statesman William Gladstone, novelist Harry Leon Wilson, Mark Twain, and a mysterious couple called the Allens: “to play golf is to spoil an otherwise enjoyable walk.”28 May 2020...."

I have run many training courses and the first two rules I teach are -

1 Don’t try to remember everything, just remember how to find the answer.

2 The only stupid question is the one you don’t ask.

I can remember this one from my dad.
He also talked about the Mary Rose a lot, I used to rib him about that.
I used to say that he was on the building crew of the Mary Rose.
R.I.P Dad💤, XXX💔

Hi Simple,
Re "If someone asks me a question, and I do not know the answer I will probably say, "I don't know but I will try and find out for you".
Exactly!
This is the gist of what dear Albert was saying in many of his oft misquoted comments.
To condense and paraphrase-
'The mind (brain?) is not meant for simply storing facts,
it is for knowing where to find them, and moreover to understand them, their relevance to the matter in hand and what to do with them, as well as to free the imagination to use them as it sees fit.'
Albert again-
"Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited; imagination encircles the world."
Canny lad Mr Einstein.
Me in an unusually philosophical mood😁

Cheers All, Doug😎

“Two things are infinite: the universe and human stupidity; and I'm not sure about the universe.”
― Albert Einstein

DJT is on his way to be the final proof.☹️

Hi Rick, Good to hear from you👍😀 How goes it you?
Re "So it wasn't memorizing as much as knowing how to find the answer."
Absolutely👍👍

I recall from my college days that it dawned on me early on that we were being 'taught' not by rote as in school (with some notable exceptions) but SHOWN how to THINK and work things out for ourselves. Not just reproduce facts that we had had hammered into us.
We were shown the tools - the rest was up to us!
Being an independent sort of spirit I enjoyed that and carried it through to my working life.
Occasionally caused some friction with 'traditionalists' but I got positive results, and that's what mattered. 'Out of the box' rules😁
Cheers, Doug😎

Pat,
Re "what will we all do in the forthcoming war ..."
Once again to quote dear Albert -
"I know not with what weapons WW3 will be fought -
But WW4 will be fought with sticks and stones."

A sombre thought but one I tend to agree with.
I hope, and expect, not to be around to experience it.

Doug

Hi Nick,
More likely it was Samuel Clemens😉

😎

Hey Roy, Was it Mark Twain who said "golf was a good walk ruined"?

These are good for another thread and I agree in the main. When acting as a Bridge TD the most common 'crime' was leading out of turn. It was best to know that by heart otherwise reading it out takes ages.

I think there is a joke about that. Something like an attack outside the public library. It attacted a lot of interest in the media as many did not know they had a public library!
Roy

I remember some of my exams for millwright were open book.So it wasn't memorizing as much as knowing how to find the answer. I think when we build a new boat or restore a boat we look up or ask if anyone knows were to find a solution to a problem.
For me memory is only as good knowing where to find the answer.
Rick

Thats OK but what will we all do in the forthcoming war - where either the inftrastructure is destroyed by EMP or systems are hacked so they can be used

"Never memorise something that you can look up.”

“The only thing that you absolutely have to know, is the location of the library.”

Albert Einstein.

😎

Hi. For what it's worth here is my take on the "Question of The Day" and cheating.
It is a question and not an "Exam of The Day". If it were an exam I surely would not look up stuff on the internet. However I would expect the questions to be confined to what I was educated on or had considerable knowledge of. As it is a question I see no harm in looking up a possible answer on the internet or in one of those things called books. From my experience you rarely find the actual answer, you still have to use your brain to get there. I would not consider it cheating more an education. I have learned an awful lot from QOD. If someone asks me a question, and I do not know the answer I will probably say, "I don't know but I will try and find out for you".

I don't believe that they can get all 30 on the trot that often without going to MR Google.
It cannot be that easy with out of his help. I know I will NOT last this week out without getting one wrong.
Even a while back when I did seek Mr G's help he made me go wrong.
He doesn't always give you the correct answer. HE has done that about 3 times in a row to me, that's why I now give it a go at guessing it.
If lucks not on my side then I check to see what he would have said.
Even then occasionally he has come up with what I have said.
But how can you ask him when it says which of these answers is the correct one, when that is the type of question that comes up.
You cannot put all of that gumph in can you. ??
I wouldn't know how to.🤔🤔

I suspect many people like me take it too seriously !!! But I dont cheat until I get a pink dash - just to see what they reckon the answer is

Tell me about it! It is a bit like golf (a detestable way of wasting time with rather too much prowess associated with it).

You can cheat but who is it you are cheating? My magenta dashes represent wrong answers but also ones I would contest!

But as there are more posts on this thread than any other it seems to work!
Roy

I am sure the alogarithim used for the right or wrong decission does not get it right all the time either. My background does not involve merchant ships so really I do not have a clue about cargo loading or crew regulations and certification, I try to answer the questions by what it is not and deduction but as you can see it hard for me to get above number 4 on the ladder which makes me believe that some people do look the answer you before answering

Up to now No. I am being good.
I am resisting the urge to go to MR GOOGLE.
I had used that in the past and he has steered wrongly.
So now I am trying to guess is and up to now been dead lucky.
I am really waiting as I know I am definitely going to blow it very soon.
11 days now this is going way too well so it is going to go badly very soon.

Boatshed is that with the help of Mr Google before answering the question ??? 🤣🤣🤣🤣

😁😁WHOOPEEE!!, I have actually made it to ten in a row.
“You cannot be serious" in the word's of the great John McEnroe.
Well I wonder how much longer it will take me to get the next one wrong.
I cannot be long, surely.
It's been a long time since I have been this Lucky. 🤣🤣

Think we have had this before 🤔

Wow, nine in a row now.
I am probably speaking too early now.
I bet I will now blow it tomorrow and get tomorrows question wrong.
that will be another red mark.👎
I will see what tomorrow brings.🤞

Hi all after I answered the QoD I looked up Internet for Naval tactics and here is a quote from one article.
Roy

The leeward enemy, if unwilling to fight, could sail downwind away from the pending fight. Thus, the weather gage did not give unilateral control over the time of the battle

Judging from the appearance of magenta dashes I am not alone in disagreeing.
Roy