"has anyone ever been told that the rudder size is prop diameter plus 10 per cent."
Never not no 'ow Colin!
In my modelling experience, and years of poring over ship GA drawings and chatting with ship builders over lunch; the relationship between hull prop and rudder is more important than absolute sizes.
That is:-
1) Top of rudder should be as close to the hull as possible to be in the lamina water flow along the hull bottom.
2) Rudder should cover the full face of the prop; i.e. bottom of rudder should be at same level as the lowest tip of the prop. Minimum half way down the lowest blade. For max effect from the prop wash which extends back as a spiralling cone.
3) Rudder shaft (for a plain single piece rudder and open prop) 1/4 to 1/3 back from the leading edge.
4) leading edge of rudder as close to prop hub as safely possible.
Just checked all my scale warships and they all follow these guidelines😊
Vessels with ducted props often have the rudder shaft at the leading edge, e.g. tugs.
Attached is a pic of my Sea Scout installation; 28x8.5" boat, 30mm prop. Rudder fits close to the hull and extends to approx halfway down the lowest prop blade. (That's what was in the bits box😉 but it woiks!)
Leading edge is about 5mm from the prop hub. Could have been closer but that's how Dad originally built her😉
And she is highly manoeuvrable, as you may have seen in my videos of the Sea Trials😀
https://model-boats.com/gallery?q=Sea%20scout%20%27Jessica%27
Hope this helps solve the dilemma👍
Cheers, Doug 😎
BTW: If you FILLET your boat won't it collapse in a jellylike heap!?😮
😁😂🤣